1. Ain, Terminalia tomentosa, is a tall and very useful tree. Its wood is durable and hard and is used both for building and as fuel. The bark is valued in tanning, and its sap yields a gum which is largely eaten.
2. Alu, Meyna laxiflora, has poor wood but its leaves are useful as fodder.
3. Amba, Mangifera indica, the mango, is valuable both for its timber and its fruit. There are three well-known varieties, haphus (alphonso), the best; pairi, also excellent; raival, the common sort. The first two are believed to have been brought from
4. Ambara, Spondias mangifera (Indian hog plum/wild mango), is a large tree with soft coarse-grained useless wood. The fruit has an astringent bitter taste.
5. Apta, Bauhinia racemosa (Kanchan/mountain ebony), a small fibrous tree, has leaves used for making bidis.
6. Asana, Bridelia retusa, a good timber tree with immensely big thorns whose wood can last under water, is used for well kerbs. Its fruit is one of the wild pigeon’s favourite food.
7. Ashi, Morinda citrifolia/coreia (Al), has very poor wood, but its roots yield a scarlet dye.
8. Avla, Phyllanthus emblica, yields the emblic myrobalan, which is very bitter but a popular ingredient in pickles and preserves. Its wood is strong and durable in water, and its leaves contain 14 per cent of tannin.
9. Babhul, Acacia arabica, though too small to be of much value as a timber tree, makes excellent firewood and yields pods of which cattle and sheep are very fond.
10. Bakul, Mimusops elengi (Spanish cherry), is a large and handsome tree well-known for its fragrant flowers which are strung into garlands and worn by women.
11. Beheda, Terminalia bellerica Myrobalan, and hirda, Terminalia chebula myrobalan, though their wood is poor, are both well-known for their myrobalans. The beheda can be told from the hirda by its larger size and bad-smelling flowers.
12. Bhava, Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum), is a beautiful tree, especially towards the close of the cold weather when it is hung with long clusters of pale yellow flowers; its wood is valuable and its pods are used in medicine.
13. Bhendi, Thespesia populnea (Portia tree), though rarely found in sound condition, has good wood which is used for making the spokes of wheels and cart poles; its flowers are a cure for itching.
14. Bhokar, Cordia myxa (lasora), is a fibrous tree whose leaves are a useful fodder and fruit is eaten; it yields a viscous gum.
15. Bibla, Pterocarpus marsupium (Indian/Malabar kino), a large tree, yields a useful gum; its wood, though of fair quality, does not last long. Has many medicinal qualities including treatment for diabetes.
16. Bibva, Semecarpus anacardium, the common marking-nut tree was used by 'dhobis' to mark clothes.
17. Bondara, Lagerstroemia flos-reginae, is a very beautiful flowering tree with red, strong wood. It is the state flower of Maharashtra.
18. Bor, Zizyphus jujuba, is a common tree bearing small fruit which is eaten by humans, animals and birds.
19. Burkas, Elaeodendron roxburghii, is an ordinary tree whose wood makes good fuel. The tree is named tamruj in Mumbai and its wood, whitish or light reddish brown, is even, compact and durable. It works easily and takes a fine polish.
20. Chamal, Bauhinia speciosa, a tall handsome tree, has very soft and close-grained wood.
21. Chapha, Michelia champaca, the well-known flowering tree, has close-grained wood when fully grown.
22. Chamari, Premna integrifolia, a large shrub or middle-sized tree, has a white, moderately close-grained wood used for rafters.
23. Chithari, Caesalpinia sepiaria, is a splendid hedge plant, and its bark is used in tanning.
24. The Tamarind, chinch, Tamarindus indica, a large and handsome tree, has hard wood which is used in a variety of ways.
25. Ohira, Erinocarpus nimonii, is a common tree which grows rapidly and forms good coppices. Its high stems, though not very durable, are used for rafters.
26. Dundoshi, Dalbergia lanceolaria, is a small tree whose wood is used for making field tools.
27. Dhaman, Grewia tiliaefolia, is a small tree yielding small edible fruit, tough wood and bark that provides a strong fibre. If rubbed over the affected part, the bark allays the irritation caused by cow-itch.
28. Dhavda, Anogeissus latifolia, a very valuable fibrewood tree, produces a gum which is eaten by the people. Besides as fuel, its tough wood is used for axles and poles and also in cloth printing. The leaves yield a black dye and are very useful in tanning.
29. Dhayti, Woodfordia floribunda, a small shrub tomentosa, is a middle-sized tree with smooth grey bark which gives out a thick milky juice.
30. Gehela, Randia dumetorum, little is known but for its fruit, which is used to poison fish and for its medicinal properties.
31.Gharbi, Entada scandens, is a very large creeper bearing pods about four feet long. The seeds are turned to use in several ways, small snuff-boxes and other articles being made of them.
32. Ghot, Zizyphus xylopyra, supplies fodder for cattle and yields nuts whose charcoal is used as blacking.
33. Gorakhchinch, Adansonia digitata (baobab), said to have been brought by the Arabs from
34. Iled, Adina or Nauclea cordifolia (haldu/yellow teak), is a large and handsome timber tree. Its nuts are highly prized worldwide due to its dyeing and tanning properties.
35. Humb, Saccopetalum tomentosum, is a fine and tall tree bearing edible fruit. The wood, though suited for house building, is little used.
36. Jambul, Eugenia jambolana, is a useful tree whose wood is very durable under water, and, when of large size, makes good planks. Its fruit is eaten and its bark is used in tanning.
37. Kakad, Garuga pinnata, is a common tree that supplies decent fuel and is also used as beams and posts of huts and sheds. Its bark is soft and elastic and is as flooring of cattle sheds. Its fruit is not unlike the avla in appearance.
38. Kalak or padai, Bambusa arundinacea, is the well-known and very useful giant-thorny bamboo.
39. Kalamb, Stephegyne or Nauclea parvifolia, is a strong, dark closely grained tree used as house beams.
40. Kanchan, Bauhinia variegata, is a tree that blooms beautiful purple, orchid looking flowers.
41. Kandol, Sterculia urens, Karaya Gum tree. This beautiful ghostly looking tree is rare in the east and not very common in the west. It yield gum like tragacanth and the lieaves and twigs are used in cattle diseases. Its spongy wood is of no great value, but the bark supplies excellent fibre for ropes.
42. Karambel, Dillenia pentagyna, bears edible fruits.
43. Karanda, Carissa carandas, is a large evergreen shrub bearing edible berries.
44. Karanj, Pongamia glabra, is a handsome shade tree; the leaves are used as manure, the seeds give an oil that can be used as a natural pesticide and skin itches. The oil is also used as a bio-diesel.
45. Kharoti, Streblus asper, is a small tree, the dry leaves of which are used like sandpaper to rub and clean woodwork.
46. Karvi, Strobilanthus grahamianus, which reaches its full growth in eight years, bears a cone-shaped mass of calices from which appear beautiful blue flowers. After the flowers fall the cones become covered with a sticky exudate called mel. The seeds remain in the cones till they dry and fall out. The stems are largely used as wattle for huts and cottages.
47. Kavath, Feronia elephantum, wood apple, is grows forty of fifty feet high with beautiful dark green leaves. It yields a sweet gum which is used as a tonic. The fruit is eaten with sugar when rip and when green is made into relishes and picles. The pulp makes an ecellent jelly. The oil made from its fruit is supposed to be good for leprosy.
48. Khair, Acacia catechu, is a very valuable tree both for timber and fuel. A powerful astringent call kat/catechu is obtained from its heartwood. This kat is eaten with betel nut and used also used in medicines, dyeing and painting.
49. Khirni, Mimusops hexandra, famous as a shade and fruit tree. Sapote (chiku) saplings are grafted onto its root stock.
50. Khivan, Helicteres isora, is a small fibrous tree that is supposed to have anti-diabetic properties.
51. Kinhai, Albizzia procera (white siris/asian walnut), is a large and graceful tree of very rapid growth; its heartwood, which is dark in colour, is very durable and strong, and is used for making rice-mortars, ukhli. Its bark, pounded and thrown into ponds and pools, stupefies fish.
52. Kokamb, Garcinia purpurea, a common tree, yields a very pleasant fruit used as a souring agent in cooking. By boiling the seeds, an oil is obtained which is much mixed with clarified butter and is often used as an ointment for sunburn.
53. Koketi, Sterculia guttata, yields fibre and an edible fruit. The wood is very poor and is rarely used.
54. Koshimb, Schleichera trijuga, is a useful tree growing best in ravines. Its very heavy and dark red heartwood is mostly used in making oil and sugar mills. Its leaves, especially the young leaves, are elegantly cut into six leaflets, three on each side, and have very beautiful red and yellow tints.
55. Kuba, Careya arborea, is a fibrous barked tree furnishing a fairly good wood used for field tools. The bark is commonly used in dyeing.
56. Kuda, Wrightia tinctoria, has medicinal properties and is used in dyeing
57.
58. Mershingi, Spathodea falcata, is a rare tree whose wood, though of a fair quality, is not much used.
59. Moha, Bassia latifolia, is a well-known tree whose flowers yield liquor and whose fruit yields oil. Its wood, though of a good quality, is seldom used.
60. Mokha, Schrebera swietenioides, a middle-sized tree, yields fair firewood. The wood is close-grained, hard and durable, and has some of the qualities of boxwood.
61. Nana, Lagerstroemia lanceolata, is generally used as firewood and house building.
62. Nandruk, Ficus retusa, is one of the best roadside trees.
63. Nimb, Melia/Azadirachta indica, of the mahogany family, is well-known throughout the district for its medicinal properties.
64. Nivar, Barringtonia racemosa, bearing spikes of beautiful pink flowers, is common in hedgerows on the coast. A tree of the same name, Barringtonia acutangula, grows near salt water beyond the tidal range. The wood is tough and heavy and is used for making well kerbs and boat knees. The tree bears an edible fruit, and its bark is a fish poison.
65. Padvai or Pejvi, Melia azedarach (Persian lilac), is a large and handsome tree of the mahogany family. Its hard berries are strung together and worn as necklaces.
66. Palas, Butea frondosa/monosperma, also known as the 'flame of the forest', is a common tree. At the beginning of the hot season it is a mass of scarlet blossoms. The leaves are used as plates and the young shoots freed animals. The wood is strong and tough and makes an excellent charcoal. The stems yields Kino gum which is valued in stomach ailments and for tanning. The tree is a favourite with the lac insect and the best lac is found on it. Its flowers yield a dye and the roots a fibre. A watery fluid gathered from its roots is considered a cure for fever.
67. Pangara, Erythrina indica, Indian Coral Tree, is a middle-sized quick-growing tree that bears beautiful flowers. Its wood, known as moshi wood in
68. Panjambul, or water jambul, Eugenia salicifolia, grows generally on river banks. Its wood is used for making rafters.
69. Payar, Ficus cordifolia, is a large shade tree, but due to its awkward shape is less effective than either the ved or the nandruk.
70. Petari, Trewia nudiflora, a small bush-like tree, has a soft wood.
71. Phanas, Artocarpus integrifolia, the well-known jack tree, bears large fruits.
72. Phalar/Udul, Albizia stipulata/chinensis, is a large, fast growing shade tree.
73. Poon, Sterculia foetida, resembles koketi in almost all points.
74. Ranundi or forest undi, Ochrocarpus longifolius. A big tree with tiny flowers that grow in clusters on the trunk and mature branches. The flowers are in great demand for making gajras as they retain their lovely smell even after they wither,
75. Ritha, Sapindus emarginatus, the common soapnut tree that is loved by bees. Its fruit is used is used as a natural soap to also wash expensive saris and polish jewelery.
76. Sag, Tectona grandis (common teak), as a timber tree it is unrivaled. The wood is very hard but is easily worked and long lasting. It yields an oil similar to linseed oil which is an insect repellent. The large leaves are using for roofing.
77. Savar, Bombax malabaricum, the well-known silk cotton tree, has very light wood which is hollowed for canoes and water troughs. It grows to a large size. Its cotton is used as tinder and bedding.
78. Shembat, Odina wodier, yields fair firewood. The wood is also used in building huts.
79. Shiris, Albizzia lebbek, is a large fast growing shade tree whose leaves yield good fodder.
80. Shisav, Dalbergia latifolia, the Indian Rosewood, is a useful timber tree that is scarce and of small size. The timber is heavy, strong and fibrous and takes a fine polish and is considered one of the best furniture woods.
81. Shivan, Gmelina arborea, is a large tree similar to teak yields edible fruit; its glossy wood takes a high polish and is used in paneling.
82. Sura, Casuarina equisetifolia, this drought resistant tree grows freely near the sea; its wood is heavy, strong and tough but splits easily and makes good fuel.
83. Tambut, Flacourtia, or Xylosma, a tree found generally on high hills, bears a sub acid red-coloured fruit enclosing three or four seeds in its strong and thick pulp.
84. Tembhurni, Diospyros melanoxylon, the East Indian Ebony is a common tree. The black heartwood of old trees is used for cart wheels and for bracelets, and, instead of sandalwood, is ground into a paste and smeared over the face and body after worshipping the gods. The leaves, like those of the apta, are so used in rolling bidis.
85. Tetu, Calosanthes indica, is a night blooming tree that is naturally pollinated by bats. Its bark has medicinal properties and its leaves and stems are edible.
86. Tivar, Avicennia tomentosa, is a mangrove tree and grows in salt marshes.
87. Tivas, Ougeinia dalbergioides, a large but scarce tree. Its hard and heavy heartwood is used for house building and for field tools.
88. Tokar, Bambusa, is of two kinds, the common unarmed bamboo, vulgaris, and the male armed known by the name of bhariv tokar.
89. Toran, Zizyphus rugosa, is a creeping shrub with edible fruit. When cut young, it sends exudes a watery fluid. Its tough and strong wood is used for making field tools.
90. Umbar, Ficus glomerata, wild fig tree is a large spreading common tree. Its fruits are popular with animals and birds and can be cooked as a vegetable when raw. The wood is suitable for panels and lasts under water and therefore used as well frames. The leaves are good fodder and most parts of the tree are medicinal.
91. Undi, Calophyllum inophyllum, is a very handsome tree growing near the coast. The wood is very useful, and from its nuts a thick oil is extracted.
92. Vad, Ficus indica/benghalensis, also known as the Banyan is a well-known shade tree that spreads through areal roots.
93. Varas, Spathodea quadriloculare, has soft, easily worked wood and whose leaves are good fodder.
94. Vavli, Ulmus integrifolia, is a large and common firewood tree whose leaves are given to cattle as fodder.
